Child's Age | Mastered Skills (most kids can do) | Emerging Skills (half of kids can do) | Advanced Skills (a few kids can do) |
| 1 month | • Lifts head when lying on tummy
• Responds to sound
• Stares at faces | • Follows objects briefly with eyes
• Vocalizes: oohs and aahs
• Can see black-and-white patterns | • Smiles, laughs
• Holds head at 45-degree angle |
| 2 months | • Vocalizes: gurgles and coos
• Follows objects across field of vision
• Notices his hands
• Holds head up for short periods | • Smiles, laughs
• Holds head at 45-degree angle
• Makes smoother movements | • Holds head steady
• Can bear weight on legs
• Lifts head and shoulders when lying on tummy (mini-pushup) |
| 3 months | • Recognizes your face and scent
• Holds head steady
• Visually tracks moving objects | • Squeals, gurgles, coos
• Blows bubbles
• Recognizes your voice
• Does mini-pushup | • Rolls over, from tummy to back
• Turns toward loud sounds
• Can bring hands together, bats at toys |
| 4 months | • Smiles, laughs
• Can bear weight on legs
• Coos when you talk to him | • Can grasp a toy
• Rolls over, from tummy to back | • Imitates sounds: "baba," "dada"
• Cuts first tooth
• May be ready for solid foods |
| 5 months | • Distinguishes between bold colors
• Plays with his hands and feet | • Recognizes own name
• Turns toward new sounds
• Rolls over in both directions | • Sits momentarily without support
• Mouths objects
• Separation anxiety may begin |
| 6 months | • Turns toward sounds and voices
• Imitates sounds
• Rolls over in both directions | • Is ready for solid foods
• Sits without support
• Mouths objects
• Passes objects from hand to hand | • Lunges forward or starts crawling
• Jabbers or combines syllables
• Drags objects toward himself |
| 7 months | • Sits without support
• Drags objects toward herself | • Lunges forward or starts crawling
• Jabbers or combines syllables
• Starts to experience stranger anxiety | • Waves goodbye
• Stands while holding onto something
• Bangs objects together
• Begins to understand object permanence |
| 8 months | • Says "mama" and "dada" to both parents (isn't specific)
• Passes objects from hand to hand | • Stands while holding onto something
• Crawls
• Points at objects
• Searches for hidden objects | • Pulls self to standing, cruises
• Picks things up with thumb-finger pincer grasp
• Indicates wants with gestures |
| 9 months | • Stands while holding onto something
• Jabbers or combines syllables
• Understands object permanence | • Cruises while holding onto furniture
• Drinks from a sippy cup
• Eats with fingers
• Bangs objects together | • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo
• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent |
| 10 months | • Waves goodbye
• Picks things up with pincer grasp
• Crawls well, with belly off the ground | • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent
• Indicates wants with gestures | • Stands alone for a couple of seconds
• Puts objects into a container |
| 11 months | • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent
• Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo
• Stands alone for a couple of seconds
• Cruises | • Understands "no" and simple instructions
• Puts objects into a container | • Says one word besides "mama" and "dada"
• Stoops from standing position |
| 12 months | • Imitates others' activities
• Indicates wants with gestures | • Takes a few steps
• Says one word besides "mama" and "dada" | • Walks alone
• Scribbles with a crayon
• Says two words besides "mama" and "dada" |
| 13 months | • Uses two words skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye")
• Bends over and picks up an object | • Enjoys gazing at his reflection
• Holds out arm or leg to help you dress him | • Combines words and gestures to make needs known
• Rolls a ball back and forth |
| 14 months | • Eats with fingers
• Empties containers of contents
• Imitates others | • Toddles well
• Initiates games
• Points to one body part when asked
• Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss") | • Uses a spoon or fork
• Matches lids with appropriate containers
• Pushes and pulls toys while walking |
| 15 months | • Plays with ball
• Uses three words regularly
• Walks backward | • Scribbles with a crayon
• Runs
• Adopts "no" as his favorite word | • "Helps" around the house
• Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh" |
| 16 months | • Turns the pages of a book
• Has temper tantrums when frustrated
• Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object | • Discovers the joy of climbing
• Stacks three blocks
• Uses spoon or fork
• Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone) | • Takes off one piece of clothing by himself
• Gets finicky about food
• Switches from two naps to one |
| 17 months | • Uses six words regularly
• Enjoys pretend games
• Likes riding toys | • Feeds doll
• Speaks more clearly
• Throws a ball underhand | • Dances to music
• Sorts toys by color, shape, or size
• Kicks ball forward |
| 18 months | • Will "read" board books on his own
• Scribbles well | • Strings two words together in phrases
• Brushes teeth with help
• Stacks four blocks | • Throws a ball overhand
• Takes toys apart and puts them back together
• Shows signs of toilet training readiness |
| 19 months | • Uses a spoon and fork
• Runs
• Throws a ball underhand
• Enjoys helping around the house | • Understands as many as 200 words
• Recognizes when something is wrong (e.g., calling a dog a cat) | • Washes and dries own hands with help
• Points to picture or object when you call it by name
• May know when she needs to pee |
| 20 months | • Feeds doll
• Takes off own clothes
• Dumps an object in imitation, such as throwing garbage away | • Learns words at a rate of ten or more a day
• Can walk up stairs (but probably not down) | • May start exploring genitals
• Draws a straight line
• Names several body parts |
| 21 months | • Can walk up stairs
• Able to set simple goals (e.g., deciding to put a toy in a certain place) | • Throws a ball overhand
• Kicks ball forward
• Stacks six blocks | • Names simple picture in a book
• Can walk down stairs |
| 22 months | • Kicks ball forward
• Follows two-step requests (e.g., "Get your doll and bring it here") | • Does simple puzzles
• Draws a straight line
• Names several body parts | • Puts on loose-fitting clothes
• Might be ready for a big bed
• Understands opposites (e.g., tall vs. short) |
| 23 months | • Names simple picture in a book
• Uses 50 to 70 words | • Opens doors
• Sings simple tunes
• Takes more of an interest in playing with other kids | • Talks about self (likes, dislikes)
• Asks "why?" |
| 24 months | • Names at least six body parts
• Half of speech is understandable
• Makes two- to three-word sentences | • Talks about self
• Arranges things in categories
• Can walk down stairs | • Begins to understand abstract concepts (e.g., sooner and later)
• Becomes attuned to gender differences
• Learns to jump |
| 25 and 26 months | • Stacks six blocks
• Walks with smooth heel-to-toe motion | • Uses pronouns (e.g., I, me, you)
• Washes and dries own hands | • Speaks clearly most of the time
• Draws a vertical line |
| 27 and 28 months | • Jumps with both feet
• Opens doors | • Understands descriptions (e.g., big, soft)
• Draws a vertical line | • Starts to recognize ABCs
• Balances on one foot |
| 29 and 30 months | • Brushes teeth with help
• Washes and dries own hands
• Draws a vertical line | • Draws a circle
• Balances on one foot | • Puts on a T-shirt
• Names one color
• Names one friend |
| 31 and 32 months | • Recites own name
• Draws a circle | • Puts on a T-shirt
• Balances on each foot for a second
• Recognizes ABCs
• Brushes teeth by herself | • Uses two adjectives
• Draws a cross
• Points to objects described by use |
| 33 and 34 months | • Names one color
• Names one friend
• Carries on a simple conversation | • Alternates feet going up and down stairs
• Uses prepositions (e.g., on, in, over)
• Speaks clearly most of the time (75 percent can be understood)
• Stacks eight blocks | • Is toilet trained during the day
• Wiggles thumb
• Expresses a wide range of emotions
• Draws a stick figure |
| 35 and 36 months | • Describes how two objects are used
• Uses three to four words in a sentence
• Names two actions (e.g., skipping, jumping) | • Hops and skips
• Follows a two- or three-part command
• Separates fairly easily from parents
• Rides a tricycle | • Balances on each foot for three seconds
• Gets dressed without help |
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