Child's Age | Mastered Skills (most kids can do) | Emerging Skills (half of kids can do) | Advanced Skills (a few kids can do) |
1 month | • Lifts head when lying on tummy • Responds to sound • Stares at faces | • Follows objects briefly with eyes • Vocalizes: oohs and aahs • Can see black-and-white patterns | • Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle |
2 months | • Vocalizes: gurgles and coos • Follows objects across field of vision • Notices his hands • Holds head up for short periods | • Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle • Makes smoother movements | • Holds head steady • Can bear weight on legs • Lifts head and shoulders when lying on tummy (mini-pushup) |
3 months | • Recognizes your face and scent • Holds head steady • Visually tracks moving objects | • Squeals, gurgles, coos • Blows bubbles • Recognizes your voice • Does mini-pushup | • Rolls over, from tummy to back • Turns toward loud sounds • Can bring hands together, bats at toys |
4 months | • Smiles, laughs • Can bear weight on legs • Coos when you talk to him | • Can grasp a toy • Rolls over, from tummy to back | • Imitates sounds: "baba," "dada" • Cuts first tooth • May be ready for solid foods |
5 months | • Distinguishes between bold colors • Plays with his hands and feet | • Recognizes own name • Turns toward new sounds • Rolls over in both directions | • Sits momentarily without support • Mouths objects • Separation anxiety may begin |
6 months | • Turns toward sounds and voices • Imitates sounds • Rolls over in both directions | • Is ready for solid foods • Sits without support • Mouths objects • Passes objects from hand to hand | • Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Drags objects toward himself |
7 months | • Sits without support • Drags objects toward herself | • Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Starts to experience stranger anxiety | • Waves goodbye • Stands while holding onto something • Bangs objects together • Begins to understand object permanence |
8 months | • Says "mama" and "dada" to both parents (isn't specific) • Passes objects from hand to hand | • Stands while holding onto something • Crawls • Points at objects • Searches for hidden objects | • Pulls self to standing, cruises • Picks things up with thumb-finger pincer grasp • Indicates wants with gestures |
9 months | • Stands while holding onto something • Jabbers or combines syllables • Understands object permanence | • Cruises while holding onto furniture • Drinks from a sippy cup • Eats with fingers • Bangs objects together | • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent |
10 months | • Waves goodbye • Picks things up with pincer grasp • Crawls well, with belly off the ground | • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Indicates wants with gestures | • Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Puts objects into a container |
11 months | • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Cruises | • Understands "no" and simple instructions • Puts objects into a container | • Says one word besides "mama" and "dada" • Stoops from standing position |
12 months | • Imitates others' activities • Indicates wants with gestures | • Takes a few steps • Says one word besides "mama" and "dada" | • Walks alone • Scribbles with a crayon • Says two words besides "mama" and "dada" |
13 months | • Uses two words skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye") • Bends over and picks up an object | • Enjoys gazing at his reflection • Holds out arm or leg to help you dress him | • Combines words and gestures to make needs known • Rolls a ball back and forth |
14 months | • Eats with fingers • Empties containers of contents • Imitates others | • Toddles well • Initiates games • Points to one body part when asked • Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss") | • Uses a spoon or fork • Matches lids with appropriate containers • Pushes and pulls toys while walking |
15 months | • Plays with ball • Uses three words regularly • Walks backward | • Scribbles with a crayon • Runs • Adopts "no" as his favorite word | • "Helps" around the house • Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh" |
16 months | • Turns the pages of a book • Has temper tantrums when frustrated • Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object | • Discovers the joy of climbing • Stacks three blocks • Uses spoon or fork • Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone) | • Takes off one piece of clothing by himself • Gets finicky about food • Switches from two naps to one |
17 months | • Uses six words regularly • Enjoys pretend games • Likes riding toys | • Feeds doll • Speaks more clearly • Throws a ball underhand | • Dances to music • Sorts toys by color, shape, or size • Kicks ball forward |
18 months | • Will "read" board books on his own • Scribbles well | • Strings two words together in phrases • Brushes teeth with help • Stacks four blocks | • Throws a ball overhand • Takes toys apart and puts them back together • Shows signs of toilet training readiness |
19 months | • Uses a spoon and fork • Runs • Throws a ball underhand • Enjoys helping around the house | • Understands as many as 200 words • Recognizes when something is wrong (e.g., calling a dog a cat) | • Washes and dries own hands with help • Points to picture or object when you call it by name • May know when she needs to pee |
20 months | • Feeds doll • Takes off own clothes • Dumps an object in imitation, such as throwing garbage away | • Learns words at a rate of ten or more a day • Can walk up stairs (but probably not down) | • May start exploring genitals • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts |
21 months | • Can walk up stairs • Able to set simple goals (e.g., deciding to put a toy in a certain place) | • Throws a ball overhand • Kicks ball forward • Stacks six blocks | • Names simple picture in a book • Can walk down stairs |
22 months | • Kicks ball forward • Follows two-step requests (e.g., "Get your doll and bring it here") | • Does simple puzzles • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts | • Puts on loose-fitting clothes • Might be ready for a big bed • Understands opposites (e.g., tall vs. short) |
23 months | • Names simple picture in a book • Uses 50 to 70 words | • Opens doors • Sings simple tunes • Takes more of an interest in playing with other kids | • Talks about self (likes, dislikes) • Asks "why?" |
24 months | • Names at least six body parts • Half of speech is understandable • Makes two- to three-word sentences | • Talks about self • Arranges things in categories • Can walk down stairs | • Begins to understand abstract concepts (e.g., sooner and later) • Becomes attuned to gender differences • Learns to jump |
25 and 26 months | • Stacks six blocks • Walks with smooth heel-to-toe motion | • Uses pronouns (e.g., I, me, you) • Washes and dries own hands | • Speaks clearly most of the time • Draws a vertical line |
27 and 28 months | • Jumps with both feet • Opens doors | • Understands descriptions (e.g., big, soft) • Draws a vertical line | • Starts to recognize ABCs • Balances on one foot |
29 and 30 months | • Brushes teeth with help • Washes and dries own hands • Draws a vertical line | • Draws a circle • Balances on one foot | • Puts on a T-shirt • Names one color • Names one friend |
31 and 32 months | • Recites own name • Draws a circle | • Puts on a T-shirt • Balances on each foot for a second • Recognizes ABCs • Brushes teeth by herself | • Uses two adjectives • Draws a cross • Points to objects described by use |
33 and 34 months | • Names one color • Names one friend • Carries on a simple conversation | • Alternates feet going up and down stairs • Uses prepositions (e.g., on, in, over) • Speaks clearly most of the time (75 percent can be understood) • Stacks eight blocks | • Is toilet trained during the day • Wiggles thumb • Expresses a wide range of emotions • Draws a stick figure |
35 and 36 months | • Describes how two objects are used • Uses three to four words in a sentence • Names two actions (e.g., skipping, jumping) | • Hops and skips • Follows a two- or three-part command • Separates fairly easily from parents • Rides a tricycle | • Balances on each foot for three seconds • Gets dressed without help |
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